Merge branch 'post-05' into post-06

Fix: `target-c-int-width` field now expects an integer

.appveyor.yml

@@ -1,91 +0,0 @@
-branches:
-  only:
-    - staging
-    - trying
-    - master
-    - /post-.*/
-
-# Appveyor configuration template for Rust using rustup for Rust installation
-# https://github.com/starkat99/appveyor-rust
-
-## Operating System (VM environment) ##
-
-# Rust needs at least Visual Studio 2013 Appveyor OS for MSVC targets.
-os: Visual Studio 2015
-
-## Build Matrix ##
-environment:
-  matrix:
-
-### MSVC Toolchains ###
-  # Nightly 64-bit MSVC
-    - channel: nightly
-      target: x86_64-pc-windows-msvc
-      MSYS_BITS: 64
-  # Nightly 32-bit MSVC
-    - channel: nightly
-      target: i686-pc-windows-msvc
-      MSYS_BITS: 32
-
-### GNU Toolchains ###
-  # Nightly 64-bit GNU
-    - channel: nightly
-      target: x86_64-pc-windows-gnu
-      MSYS_BITS: 64
-  # Nightly 32-bit GNU
-    - channel: nightly
-      target: i686-pc-windows-gnu
-      MSYS_BITS: 32
-
-cache:
-  - '%USERPROFILE%\.cargo\bin'
-  - '%USERPROFILE%\.cargo\.crates.toml'
-
-## Install Script ##
-
-# This is the most important part of the Appveyor configuration. This installs the version of Rust
-# specified by the 'channel' and 'target' environment variables from the build matrix. This uses
-# rustup to install Rust.
-#
-# For simple configurations, instead of using the build matrix, you can simply set the
-# default-toolchain and default-host manually here.
-install:
-  - appveyor-retry appveyor DownloadFile https://win.rustup.rs/ -FileName rustup-init.exe
-  - rustup-init -yv --default-toolchain %channel% --default-host %target%
-  - set PATH=%PATH%;%USERPROFILE%\.cargo\bin
-  - rustc -vV
-  - cargo -vV
-
-  # Install qemu
-  - echo %cd%
-  - mkdir "C:\Program Files\qemu"
-  - cd "C:\Program Files\qemu"
-  - if %target%==i686-pc-windows-msvc appveyor DownloadFile "https://qemu.weilnetz.de/w32/2018/qemu-w32-setup-20180801.exe" -FileName "qemu-setup.exe"
-  - if %target%==i686-pc-windows-gnu appveyor DownloadFile "https://qemu.weilnetz.de/w32/2018/qemu-w32-setup-20180801.exe" -FileName "qemu-setup.exe"
-  - if %target%==x86_64-pc-windows-msvc appveyor DownloadFile "https://qemu.weilnetz.de/w64/2018/qemu-w64-setup-20180801.exe" -FileName "qemu-setup.exe"
-  - if %target%==x86_64-pc-windows-gnu appveyor DownloadFile "https://qemu.weilnetz.de/w64/2018/qemu-w64-setup-20180801.exe" -FileName "qemu-setup.exe"
-  - 7z x qemu-setup.exe
-  - set PATH=%PATH%;C:\Program Files\qemu
-  - cd "C:\projects\blog-os"
-
-## Build Script ##
-
-# 'cargo test' takes care of building for us, so disable Appveyor's build stage. This prevents
-# the "directory does not contain a project or solution file" error.
-build: false
-
-before_test:
-  - set PATH=C:\msys64\mingw%MSYS_BITS%\bin;C:\msys64\usr\bin;%PATH%
-  # Fix undefined references to __acrt_iob_func()
-  - sed -rie "s/#define std([[:alpha:]]+)[[:space:]]+\(__acrt_iob_func\(([[:digit:]]+)\)\)/#define std\1 (\&__iob_func()[\2])/" "C:\msys64\mingw64\x86_64-w64-mingw32\include\stdio.h"
-  - sed -rie "s/#define std([[:alpha:]]+)[[:space:]]+\(__acrt_iob_func\(([[:digit:]]+)\)\)/#define std\1 (\&__iob_func()[\2])/" "C:\msys64\mingw32\i686-w64-mingw32\include\stdio.h"
-  - rustup component add rust-src
-  - set RUST_BACKTRACE=1
-  - if not exist %USERPROFILE%\.cargo\bin\cargo-install-latest.exe cargo install cargo-install-latest
-  - cargo install-latest cargo-xbuild bootimage
-
-test_script:
-  - bootimage build
-  - if %target%==x86_64-pc-windows-gnu cargo test
-  - if %target%==x86_64-pc-windows-msvc cargo test
-  - bootimage test

.cargo/config.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+[unstable]
+build-std = ["core", "compiler_builtins"]
+build-std-features = ["compiler-builtins-mem"]
+
+[build]
+target = "x86_64-blog_os.json"
+
+[target.'cfg(target_os = "none")']
+runner = "bootimage runner"

.github/workflows/code.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+name: Code
+
+on:
+  push:
+    branches:
+      - '*'
+      - '!staging.tmp'
+    tags:
+      - '*'
+  schedule:
+    - cron: '40 3 * * *'   # every day at 3:40
+  pull_request:
+  workflow_dispatch:
+
+jobs:
+  check:
+    name: Check
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        platform: [
+          ubuntu-latest,
+          macos-latest,
+          windows-latest
+        ]
+    runs-on: ${{ matrix.platform }}
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout Repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@v2
+      - name: Install Rust Toolchain
+        uses: actions-rs/toolchain@v1
+        with:
+          profile: minimal
+          toolchain: nightly
+      - name: Install `rust-src` Rustup Component
+        run: rustup component add rust-src
+      - name: Run `cargo check`
+        uses: actions-rs/cargo@v1
+        with:
+          command: check
+
+  test:
+    name: Test
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        platform: [
+          ubuntu-latest,
+          macos-latest,
+          windows-latest
+        ]
+    runs-on: ${{ matrix.platform }}
+    steps:
+      - name: Install Rust Toolchain
+        uses: actions-rs/toolchain@v1
+        with:
+          profile: minimal
+          toolchain: nightly
+      - name: Install bootimage
+        run: cargo install bootimage --debug
+      - name: Checkout Repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@v2
+      - name: Install Rustup Components
+        run: rustup component add rust-src llvm-tools-preview
+      - name: Run `cargo bootimage`
+        uses: actions-rs/cargo@v1
+        with:
+          command: bootimage
+
+      # install QEMU
+      - name: Install QEMU (Linux)
+        run: sudo apt update && sudo apt install qemu-system-x86
+        if: runner.os == 'Linux'
+      - name: Install QEMU (macOS)
+        run: brew install qemu
+        if: runner.os == 'macOS'
+        env:
+          HOMEBREW_NO_AUTO_UPDATE: 1
+          HOMEBREW_NO_BOTTLE_SOURCE_FALLBACK: 1
+          HOMEBREW_NO_INSTALL_CLEANUP: 1
+      - name: Install QEMU (Windows)
+        run: |
+          choco install qemu --version 2021.5.5
+          echo "$Env:Programfiles\qemu" | Out-File -FilePath $env:GITHUB_PATH -Encoding utf8 -Append
+        if: runner.os == 'Windows'
+        shell: pwsh
+      - name: "Print QEMU Version"
+        run: qemu-system-x86_64 --version
+
+      - name: Run `cargo test`
+        uses: actions-rs/cargo@v1
+        with:
+          command: test
+
+  check_formatting:
+    name: Check Formatting
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout Repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@v2
+      - name: Install Rust Toolchain
+        uses: actions-rs/toolchain@v1
+        with:
+          profile: minimal
+          toolchain: nightly
+          components: rustfmt
+          override: true
+      - name: Run `cargo fmt`
+        uses: actions-rs/cargo@v1
+        with:
+          command: fmt
+          args: --all -- --check
+
+  clippy:
+    name: Clippy
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout Repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@v2
+      - name: Install Rust Toolchain
+        uses: actions-rs/toolchain@v1
+        with:
+          profile: minimal
+          toolchain: nightly
+          components: clippy, rust-src
+          override: true
+      - name: Run `cargo clippy`
+        uses: actions-rs/cargo@v1
+        with:
+          command: clippy

.gitignore

@@ -1,2 +1,4 @@
 /target
-**/*.rs.bk
+**/*.rs.bk
+
+.vscode

.travis.yml

@@ -1,52 +0,0 @@
-language: rust
-
-rust:
-    - nightly
-
-os:
-  - linux
-  - osx
-  - windows
-
-notifications:
-    email:
-        on_success: never
-        on_failure: always
-
-branches:
-  only:
-    # This is where pull requests from "bors r+" are built.
-    - staging
-    # This is where pull requests from "bors try" are built.
-    - trying
-    # Build pull requests.
-    - master
-    # Build post braches
-    - /^post-.*$/
-
-cache:
-  directories:
-    - $HOME/.cargo
-    - $HOME/Library/Caches/Homebrew
-
-addons:
-  apt:
-    packages:
-      - qemu-system-x86
-  homebrew:
-    packages:
-      - qemu
-
-install:
-  - if [ $TRAVIS_OS_NAME = windows ]; then choco install qemu; export PATH="/c/Program Files/qemu:$PATH"; fi
-
-before_script:
-  - rustup component add rust-src
-  - (test -x $HOME/.cargo/bin/cargo-install-latest || cargo install cargo-install-latest)
-  - cargo install-latest cargo-xbuild bootimage cargo-cache
-
-script:
-  - bootimage build
-  - cargo test
-  - bootimage test
-  - cargo cache --autoclean

Cargo.lock

@@ -1,360 +1,101 @@
 # This file is automatically @generated by Cargo.
 # It is not intended for manual editing.
-[[package]]
-name = "array-init"
-version = "0.0.3"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-dependencies = [
- "nodrop 0.1.13 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "array-init"
-version = "0.0.4"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-dependencies = [
- "nodrop 0.1.13 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
-]
+version = 4
 
 [[package]]
 name = "bit_field"
-version = "0.9.0"
+version = "0.10.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "dc827186963e592360843fb5ba4b973e145841266c1357f7180c43526f2e5b61"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "bitflags"
-version = "1.0.4"
+version = "1.3.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "bef38d45163c2f1dde094a7dfd33ccf595c92905c8f8f4fdc18d06fb1037718a"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "bitflags"
+version = "2.9.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "6a65b545ab31d687cff52899d4890855fec459eb6afe0da6417b8a18da87aa29"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "blog_os"
 version = "0.1.0"
 dependencies = [
- "array-init 0.0.3 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "bootloader 0.4.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "lazy_static 1.2.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "spin 0.4.10 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "uart_16550 0.1.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "volatile 0.2.6 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "x86_64 0.5.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "bootloader",
+ "lazy_static",
+ "spin 0.5.2",
+ "uart_16550",
+ "volatile 0.2.7",
+ "x86_64",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "bootloader"
-version = "0.4.0"
+version = "0.9.32"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-dependencies = [
- "fixedvec 0.2.3 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "font8x8 0.2.4 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "usize_conversions 0.2.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "x86_64 0.3.6 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "xmas-elf 0.6.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "cc"
-version = "1.0.30"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-
-[[package]]
-name = "fixedvec"
-version = "0.2.3"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-dependencies = [
- "skeptic 0.5.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "font8x8"
-version = "0.2.4"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-
-[[package]]
-name = "fuchsia-zircon"
-version = "0.3.3"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-dependencies = [
- "bitflags 1.0.4 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "fuchsia-zircon-sys 0.3.3 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "fuchsia-zircon-sys"
-version = "0.3.3"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-
-[[package]]
-name = "getopts"
-version = "0.2.18"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-dependencies = [
- "unicode-width 0.1.5 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
-]
+checksum = "1ea119c3ed05625c179e09d17d0914570a3753ca09c890a73d98f6b72aea00d2"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "lazy_static"
-version = "1.2.0"
+version = "1.5.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "bbd2bcb4c963f2ddae06a2efc7e9f3591312473c50c6685e1f298068316e66fe"
 dependencies = [
- "spin 0.4.10 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "spin 0.9.8",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
-name = "libc"
-version = "0.2.48"
+name = "rustversion"
+version = "1.0.22"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-
-[[package]]
-name = "nodrop"
-version = "0.1.13"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-
-[[package]]
-name = "os_bootinfo"
-version = "0.2.1"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-
-[[package]]
-name = "pulldown-cmark"
-version = "0.0.3"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-dependencies = [
- "getopts 0.2.18 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "rand"
-version = "0.4.5"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-dependencies = [
- "fuchsia-zircon 0.3.3 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "libc 0.2.48 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "rand_core 0.3.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "rdrand 0.4.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "winapi 0.3.6 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "rand_core"
-version = "0.3.1"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-dependencies = [
- "rand_core 0.4.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "rand_core"
-version = "0.4.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-
-[[package]]
-name = "raw-cpuid"
-version = "6.1.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-dependencies = [
- "bitflags 1.0.4 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "cc 1.0.30 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "rustc_version 0.2.3 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "rdrand"
-version = "0.4.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-dependencies = [
- "rand_core 0.3.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "remove_dir_all"
-version = "0.5.1"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-dependencies = [
- "winapi 0.3.6 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "rustc_version"
-version = "0.2.3"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-dependencies = [
- "semver 0.9.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "semver"
-version = "0.9.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-dependencies = [
- "semver-parser 0.7.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "semver-parser"
-version = "0.7.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-
-[[package]]
-name = "skeptic"
-version = "0.5.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-dependencies = [
- "pulldown-cmark 0.0.3 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "tempdir 0.3.7 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
-]
+checksum = "b39cdef0fa800fc44525c84ccb54a029961a8215f9619753635a9c0d2538d46d"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "spin"
-version = "0.4.10"
+version = "0.5.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "6e63cff320ae2c57904679ba7cb63280a3dc4613885beafb148ee7bf9aa9042d"
 
 [[package]]
-name = "tempdir"
-version = "0.3.7"
+name = "spin"
+version = "0.9.8"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-dependencies = [
- "rand 0.4.5 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "remove_dir_all 0.5.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
-]
+checksum = "6980e8d7511241f8acf4aebddbb1ff938df5eebe98691418c4468d0b72a96a67"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "uart_16550"
-version = "0.1.0"
+version = "0.2.19"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "614ff2a87880d4bd4374722268598a970bbad05ced8bf630439417347254ab2e"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 1.0.4 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "x86_64 0.2.14 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "bitflags 1.3.2",
+ "rustversion",
+ "x86_64",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "unicode-width"
-version = "0.1.5"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-
-[[package]]
-name = "usize_conversions"
-version = "0.2.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-
-[[package]]
-name = "ux"
-version = "0.1.3"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-
 [[package]]
 name = "volatile"
-version = "0.2.6"
+version = "0.2.7"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "f6b06ad3ed06fef1713569d547cdbdb439eafed76341820fb0e0344f29a41945"
 
 [[package]]
-name = "winapi"
-version = "0.3.6"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-dependencies = [
- "winapi-i686-pc-windows-gnu 0.4.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "winapi-x86_64-pc-windows-gnu 0.4.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "winapi-i686-pc-windows-gnu"
-version = "0.4.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-
-[[package]]
-name = "winapi-x86_64-pc-windows-gnu"
-version = "0.4.0"
+name = "volatile"
+version = "0.4.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "442887c63f2c839b346c192d047a7c87e73d0689c9157b00b53dcc27dd5ea793"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "x86_64"
-version = "0.2.14"
+version = "0.14.13"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "c101112411baafbb4bf8d33e4c4a80ab5b02d74d2612331c61e8192fc9710491"
 dependencies = [
- "bit_field 0.9.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "bitflags 1.0.4 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "os_bootinfo 0.2.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "usize_conversions 0.2.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "ux 0.1.3 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "bit_field",
+ "bitflags 2.9.2",
+ "rustversion",
+ "volatile 0.4.6",
 ]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "x86_64"
-version = "0.3.6"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-dependencies = [
- "array-init 0.0.4 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "bit_field 0.9.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "bitflags 1.0.4 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "os_bootinfo 0.2.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "usize_conversions 0.2.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "ux 0.1.3 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "x86_64"
-version = "0.5.2"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-dependencies = [
- "array-init 0.0.4 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "bit_field 0.9.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "bitflags 1.0.4 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "raw-cpuid 6.1.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "usize_conversions 0.2.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "ux 0.1.3 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "xmas-elf"
-version = "0.6.2"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-dependencies = [
- "zero 0.1.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "zero"
-version = "0.1.2"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-
-[metadata]
-"checksum array-init 0.0.3 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "c3cc8456d0ae81a8c76f59e384683a601548c38949a4bfcb65dd31ded5c75ff3"
-"checksum array-init 0.0.4 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "23589ecb866b460d3a0f1278834750268c607e8e28a1b982c907219f3178cd72"
-"checksum bit_field 0.9.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "ed8765909f9009617974ab6b7d332625b320b33c326b1e9321382ef1999b5d56"
-"checksum bitflags 1.0.4 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "228047a76f468627ca71776ecdebd732a3423081fcf5125585bcd7c49886ce12"
-"checksum bootloader 0.4.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "a0808c55da932b82d3ababdaa0caa3f18522c5d2d06309b98f73adda849a3f03"
-"checksum cc 1.0.30 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "d01c69d08ff207f231f07196e30f84c70f1c815b04f980f8b7b01ff01f05eb92"
-"checksum fixedvec 0.2.3 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "7c6c16d316ccdac21a4dd648e314e76facbbaf316e83ca137d0857a9c07419d0"
-"checksum font8x8 0.2.4 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "b81d84c3c978af7d05d31a2198af4b9ba956d819d15d8f6d58fc150e33f8dc1f"
-"checksum fuchsia-zircon 0.3.3 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "2e9763c69ebaae630ba35f74888db465e49e259ba1bc0eda7d06f4a067615d82"
-"checksum fuchsia-zircon-sys 0.3.3 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "3dcaa9ae7725d12cdb85b3ad99a434db70b468c09ded17e012d86b5c1010f7a7"
-"checksum getopts 0.2.18 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "0a7292d30132fb5424b354f5dc02512a86e4c516fe544bb7a25e7f266951b797"
-"checksum lazy_static 1.2.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "a374c89b9db55895453a74c1e38861d9deec0b01b405a82516e9d5de4820dea1"
-"checksum libc 0.2.48 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "e962c7641008ac010fa60a7dfdc1712449f29c44ef2d4702394aea943ee75047"
-"checksum nodrop 0.1.13 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "2f9667ddcc6cc8a43afc9b7917599d7216aa09c463919ea32c59ed6cac8bc945"
-"checksum os_bootinfo 0.2.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "66481dbeb5e773e7bd85b63cd6042c30786f834338288c5ec4f3742673db360a"
-"checksum pulldown-cmark 0.0.3 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "8361e81576d2e02643b04950e487ec172b687180da65c731c03cf336784e6c07"
-"checksum rand 0.4.5 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "dee497e66d8d76bf08ce20c8d36e16f93749ab0bf89975b4f8ae5cee660c2da2"
-"checksum rand_core 0.3.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "7a6fdeb83b075e8266dcc8762c22776f6877a63111121f5f8c7411e5be7eed4b"
-"checksum rand_core 0.4.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "d0e7a549d590831370895ab7ba4ea0c1b6b011d106b5ff2da6eee112615e6dc0"
-"checksum raw-cpuid 6.1.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "30a9d219c32c9132f7be513c18be77c9881c7107d2ab5569d205a6a0f0e6dc7d"
-"checksum rdrand 0.4.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "678054eb77286b51581ba43620cc911abf02758c91f93f479767aed0f90458b2"
-"checksum remove_dir_all 0.5.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "3488ba1b9a2084d38645c4c08276a1752dcbf2c7130d74f1569681ad5d2799c5"
-"checksum rustc_version 0.2.3 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "138e3e0acb6c9fb258b19b67cb8abd63c00679d2851805ea151465464fe9030a"
-"checksum semver 0.9.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "1d7eb9ef2c18661902cc47e535f9bc51b78acd254da71d375c2f6720d9a40403"
-"checksum semver-parser 0.7.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "388a1df253eca08550bef6c72392cfe7c30914bf41df5269b68cbd6ff8f570a3"
-"checksum skeptic 0.5.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "061203a849117b0f7090baf8157aa91dac30545208fbb85166ac58b4ca33d89c"
-"checksum spin 0.4.10 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "ceac490aa12c567115b40b7b7fceca03a6c9d53d5defea066123debc83c5dc1f"
-"checksum tempdir 0.3.7 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "15f2b5fb00ccdf689e0149d1b1b3c03fead81c2b37735d812fa8bddbbf41b6d8"
-"checksum uart_16550 0.1.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "269f953d8de3226f7c065c589c7b4a3e83d10a419c7c3b5e2e0f197e6acc966e"
-"checksum unicode-width 0.1.5 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "882386231c45df4700b275c7ff55b6f3698780a650026380e72dabe76fa46526"
-"checksum usize_conversions 0.2.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "f70329e2cbe45d6c97a5112daad40c34cd9a4e18edb5a2a18fefeb584d8d25e5"
-"checksum ux 0.1.3 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "88dfeb711b61ce620c0cb6fd9f8e3e678622f0c971da2a63c4b3e25e88ed012f"
-"checksum volatile 0.2.6 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "6af0edf5b4faacc31fc51159244d78d65ec580f021afcef7bd53c04aeabc7f29"
-"checksum winapi 0.3.6 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "92c1eb33641e276cfa214a0522acad57be5c56b10cb348b3c5117db75f3ac4b0"
-"checksum winapi-i686-pc-windows-gnu 0.4.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "ac3b87c63620426dd9b991e5ce0329eff545bccbbb34f3be09ff6fb6ab51b7b6"
-"checksum winapi-x86_64-pc-windows-gnu 0.4.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "712e227841d057c1ee1cd2fb22fa7e5a5461ae8e48fa2ca79ec42cfc1931183f"
-"checksum x86_64 0.2.14 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "2bd647af1614659e1febec1d681231aea4ebda4818bf55a578aff02f3e4db4b4"
-"checksum x86_64 0.3.6 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "f9258d7e2dd25008d69e8c9e9ee37865887a5e1e3d06a62f1cb3f6c209e6f177"
-"checksum x86_64 0.5.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "de155d368de1d32afc8f90838bf81986e4bd43a0cd5fcd7f7e9c85cb8f51dc7c"
-"checksum xmas-elf 0.6.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "22678df5df766e8d1e5d609da69f0c3132d794edf6ab5e75e7abcd2270d4cf58"
-"checksum zero 0.1.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "5f1bc8a6b2005884962297587045002d8cfb8dcec9db332f4ca216ddc5de82c5"

Cargo.toml

@@ -2,27 +2,40 @@
 name = "blog_os"
 version = "0.1.0"
 authors = ["Philipp Oppermann <dev@phil-opp.com>"]
-edition = "2018"
+edition = "2024"
+
+[[test]]
+name = "should_panic"
+harness = false
+
+[[test]]
+name = "stack_overflow"
+harness = false
 
 [dependencies]
-bootloader = "0.4.0"
-volatile = "0.2.3"
-spin = "0.4.9"
-uart_16550 = "0.1.0"
-x86_64 = "0.5.2"
+bootloader = "0.9"
+volatile = "0.2.6"
+spin = "0.5.2"
+x86_64 = "0.14.2"
+uart_16550 = "0.2.0"
 
 [dependencies.lazy_static]
 version = "1.0"
 features = ["spin_no_std"]
 
-[dev-dependencies]
-array-init = "0.0.3"
+[[bin]]
+name = "blog_os"
+test = false
+bench = false
 
-[profile.dev]
-panic = "abort"
-
-[profile.release]
-panic = "abort"
 
 [package.metadata.bootimage]
-default-target = "x86_64-blog_os.json"
+test-args = [
+    "-device",
+    "isa-debug-exit,iobase=0xf4,iosize=0x04",
+    "-serial",
+    "stdio",
+    "-display",
+    "none",
+]
+test-success-exit-code = 33 # (0x10 << 1) | 1

LICENSE-APACHE

@@ -0,0 +1,201 @@
+                                 Apache License
+                           Version 2.0, January 2004
+                        http://www.apache.org/licenses/
+
+   TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR USE, REPRODUCTION, AND DISTRIBUTION
+
+   1. Definitions.
+
+      "License" shall mean the terms and conditions for use, reproduction,
+      and distribution as defined by Sections 1 through 9 of this document.
+
+      "Licensor" shall mean the copyright owner or entity authorized by
+      the copyright owner that is granting the License.
+
+      "Legal Entity" shall mean the union of the acting entity and all
+      other entities that control, are controlled by, or are under common
+      control with that entity. For the purposes of this definition,
+      "control" means (i) the power, direct or indirect, to cause the
+      direction or management of such entity, whether by contract or
+      otherwise, or (ii) ownership of fifty percent (50%) or more of the
+      outstanding shares, or (iii) beneficial ownership of such entity.
+
+      "You" (or "Your") shall mean an individual or Legal Entity
+      exercising permissions granted by this License.
+
+      "Source" form shall mean the preferred form for making modifications,
+      including but not limited to software source code, documentation
+      source, and configuration files.
+
+      "Object" form shall mean any form resulting from mechanical
+      transformation or translation of a Source form, including but
+      not limited to compiled object code, generated documentation,
+      and conversions to other media types.
+
+      "Work" shall mean the work of authorship, whether in Source or
+      Object form, made available under the License, as indicated by a
+      copyright notice that is included in or attached to the work
+      (an example is provided in the Appendix below).
+
+      "Derivative Works" shall mean any work, whether in Source or Object
+      form, that is based on (or derived from) the Work and for which the
+      editorial revisions, annotations, elaborations, or other modifications
+      represent, as a whole, an original work of authorship. For the purposes
+      of this License, Derivative Works shall not include works that remain
+      separable from, or merely link (or bind by name) to the interfaces of,
+      the Work and Derivative Works thereof.
+
+      "Contribution" shall mean any work of authorship, including
+      the original version of the Work and any modifications or additions
+      to that Work or Derivative Works thereof, that is intentionally
+      submitted to Licensor for inclusion in the Work by the copyright owner
+      or by an individual or Legal Entity authorized to submit on behalf of
+      the copyright owner. For the purposes of this definition, "submitted"
+      means any form of electronic, verbal, or written communication sent
+      to the Licensor or its representatives, including but not limited to
+      communication on electronic mailing lists, source code control systems,
+      and issue tracking systems that are managed by, or on behalf of, the
+      Licensor for the purpose of discussing and improving the Work, but
+      excluding communication that is conspicuously marked or otherwise
+      designated in writing by the copyright owner as "Not a Contribution."
+
+      "Contributor" shall mean Licensor and any individual or Legal Entity
+      on behalf of whom a Contribution has been received by Licensor and
+      subsequently incorporated within the Work.
+
+   2. Grant of Copyright License. Subject to the terms and conditions of
+      this License, each Contributor hereby grants to You a perpetual,
+      worldwide, non-exclusive, no-charge, royalty-free, irrevocable
+      copyright license to reproduce, prepare Derivative Works of,
+      publicly display, publicly perform, sublicense, and distribute the
+      Work and such Derivative Works in Source or Object form.
+
+   3. Grant of Patent License. Subject to the terms and conditions of
+      this License, each Contributor hereby grants to You a perpetual,
+      worldwide, non-exclusive, no-charge, royalty-free, irrevocable
+      (except as stated in this section) patent license to make, have made,
+      use, offer to sell, sell, import, and otherwise transfer the Work,
+      where such license applies only to those patent claims licensable
+      by such Contributor that are necessarily infringed by their
+      Contribution(s) alone or by combination of their Contribution(s)
+      with the Work to which such Contribution(s) was submitted. If You
+      institute patent litigation against any entity (including a
+      cross-claim or counterclaim in a lawsuit) alleging that the Work
+      or a Contribution incorporated within the Work constitutes direct
+      or contributory patent infringement, then any patent licenses
+      granted to You under this License for that Work shall terminate
+      as of the date such litigation is filed.
+
+   4. Redistribution. You may reproduce and distribute copies of the
+      Work or Derivative Works thereof in any medium, with or without
+      modifications, and in Source or Object form, provided that You
+      meet the following conditions:
+
+      (a) You must give any other recipients of the Work or
+          Derivative Works a copy of this License; and
+
+      (b) You must cause any modified files to carry prominent notices
+          stating that You changed the files; and
+
+      (c) You must retain, in the Source form of any Derivative Works
+          that You distribute, all copyright, patent, trademark, and
+          attribution notices from the Source form of the Work,
+          excluding those notices that do not pertain to any part of
+          the Derivative Works; and
+
+      (d) If the Work includes a "NOTICE" text file as part of its
+          distribution, then any Derivative Works that You distribute must
+          include a readable copy of the attribution notices contained
+          within such NOTICE file, excluding those notices that do not
+          pertain to any part of the Derivative Works, in at least one
+          of the following places: within a NOTICE text file distributed
+          as part of the Derivative Works; within the Source form or
+          documentation, if provided along with the Derivative Works; or,
+          within a display generated by the Derivative Works, if and
+          wherever such third-party notices normally appear. The contents
+          of the NOTICE file are for informational purposes only and
+          do not modify the License. You may add Your own attribution
+          notices within Derivative Works that You distribute, alongside
+          or as an addendum to the NOTICE text from the Work, provided
+          that such additional attribution notices cannot be construed
+          as modifying the License.
+
+      You may add Your own copyright statement to Your modifications and
+      may provide additional or different license terms and conditions
+      for use, reproduction, or distribution of Your modifications, or
+      for any such Derivative Works as a whole, provided Your use,
+      reproduction, and distribution of the Work otherwise complies with
+      the conditions stated in this License.
+
+   5. Submission of Contributions. Unless You explicitly state otherwise,
+      any Contribution intentionally submitted for inclusion in the Work
+      by You to the Licensor shall be under the terms and conditions of
+      this License, without any additional terms or conditions.
+      Notwithstanding the above, nothing herein shall supersede or modify
+      the terms of any separate license agreement you may have executed
+      with Licensor regarding such Contributions.
+
+   6. Trademarks. This License does not grant permission to use the trade
+      names, trademarks, service marks, or product names of the Licensor,
+      except as required for reasonable and customary use in describing the
+      origin of the Work and reproducing the content of the NOTICE file.
+
+   7. Disclaimer of Warranty. Unless required by applicable law or
+      agreed to in writing, Licensor provides the Work (and each
+      Contributor provides its Contributions) on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+      WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or
+      implied, including, without limitation, any warranties or conditions
+      of TITLE, NON-INFRINGEMENT, MERCHANTABILITY, or FITNESS FOR A
+      PARTICULAR PURPOSE. You are solely responsible for determining the
+      appropriateness of using or redistributing the Work and assume any
+      risks associated with Your exercise of permissions under this License.
+
+   8. Limitation of Liability. In no event and under no legal theory,
+      whether in tort (including negligence), contract, or otherwise,
+      unless required by applicable law (such as deliberate and grossly
+      negligent acts) or agreed to in writing, shall any Contributor be
+      liable to You for damages, including any direct, indirect, special,
+      incidental, or consequential damages of any character arising as a
+      result of this License or out of the use or inability to use the
+      Work (including but not limited to damages for loss of goodwill,
+      work stoppage, computer failure or malfunction, or any and all
+      other commercial damages or losses), even if such Contributor
+      has been advised of the possibility of such damages.
+
+   9. Accepting Warranty or Additional Liability. While redistributing
+      the Work or Derivative Works thereof, You may choose to offer,
+      and charge a fee for, acceptance of support, warranty, indemnity,
+      or other liability obligations and/or rights consistent with this
+      License. However, in accepting such obligations, You may act only
+      on Your own behalf and on Your sole responsibility, not on behalf
+      of any other Contributor, and only if You agree to indemnify,
+      defend, and hold each Contributor harmless for any liability
+      incurred by, or claims asserted against, such Contributor by reason
+      of your accepting any such warranty or additional liability.
+
+   END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
+
+   APPENDIX: How to apply the Apache License to your work.
+
+      To apply the Apache License to your work, attach the following
+      boilerplate notice, with the fields enclosed by brackets "{}"
+      replaced with your own identifying information. (Don't include
+      the brackets!)  The text should be enclosed in the appropriate
+      comment syntax for the file format. We also recommend that a
+      file or class name and description of purpose be included on the
+      same "printed page" as the copyright notice for easier
+      identification within third-party archives.
+
+   Copyright {yyyy} {name of copyright owner}
+
+   Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+   you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+   You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+       http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+   Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+   distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+   WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+   See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+   limitations under the License.

LICENSE-MIT

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+The MIT License (MIT)
+
+Copyright (c) 2019 Philipp Oppermann
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

README.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # Blog OS (Double Faults)
 
-[![Build Status](https://travis-ci.org/phil-opp/blog_os.svg?branch=post-07)](https://travis-ci.org/phil-opp/blog_os/branches)
+[![Build Status](https://github.com/phil-opp/blog_os/workflows/Code/badge.svg?branch=post-06)](https://github.com/phil-opp/blog_os/actions?query=workflow%3A%22Code%22+branch%3Apost-06)
 
 This repository contains the source code for the [Double Faults][post] post of the [Writing an OS in Rust](https://os.phil-opp.com) series.
 
@@ -10,16 +10,26 @@ This repository contains the source code for the [Double Faults][post] post of t
 
 ## Building
 
-You need a nightly Rust compiler. First you need to install the `cargo-xbuild` and `bootimage` tools:
+This project requires a nightly version of Rust because it uses some unstable features. At least nightly _2020-07-15_ is required for building. You might need to run `rustup update nightly --force` to update to the latest nightly even if some components such as `rustfmt` are missing it.
+
+You can build the project by running:
 
 ```
-cargo install cargo-xbuild bootimage
+cargo build
 ```
 
-Then you can build the project by running:
+To create a bootable disk image from the compiled kernel, you need to install the [`bootimage`] tool:
+
+[`bootimage`]: https://github.com/rust-osdev/bootimage
 
 ```
-bootimage build
+cargo install bootimage
+```
+
+After installing, you can create the bootable disk image by running:
+
+```
+cargo bootimage
 ```
 
 This creates a bootable disk image in the `target/x86_64-blog_os/debug` directory.
@@ -33,10 +43,10 @@ You can run the disk image in [QEMU] through:
 [QEMU]: https://www.qemu.org/
 
 ```
-bootimage run
+cargo run
 ```
 
-Of course [QEMU] needs to be installed for this.
+[QEMU] and the [`bootimage`] tool need to be installed for this.
 
 You can also write the image to an USB stick for booting it on a real machine. On Linux, the command for this is:
 
@@ -48,7 +58,20 @@ Where `sdX` is the device name of your USB stick. **Be careful** to choose the c
 
 ## Testing
 
-To run the unit tests on the host system, execute `cargo test`. To run the integration tests in [QEMU], run `bootimage test`.
+To run the unit and integration tests, execute `cargo xtest`.
 
 ## License
-The source code is dual-licensed under MIT or the Apache License (Version 2.0).
+
+Licensed under either of
+
+- Apache License, Version 2.0 ([LICENSE-APACHE](LICENSE-APACHE) or
+  http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0)
+- MIT license ([LICENSE-MIT](LICENSE-MIT) or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT)
+
+at your option.
+
+Note that this only applies to this git branch, other branches might be licensed differently.
+
+### Contribution
+
+Unless you explicitly state otherwise, any contribution intentionally submitted for inclusion in the work by you, as defined in the Apache-2.0 license, shall be dual licensed as above, without any additional terms or conditions.

azure-pipelines.yml

@@ -1,99 +0,0 @@
-# Documentation: https://aka.ms/yaml
-
-trigger:
-  batch: true
-  branches:
-    include:
-    # This is where pull requests from "bors r+" are built.
-    - staging
-    # This is where pull requests from "bors try" are built.
-    - trying
-    # Build pull requests.
-    - master
-    # Build post braches
-    - post-*
-
-strategy:
-  matrix:
-    linux:
-      image_name: 'ubuntu-16.04'
-      rustup_toolchain: nightly
-    mac:
-      image_name: 'macos-10.13'
-      rustup_toolchain: nightly
-    windows:
-      image_name: 'vs2017-win2016'
-      rustup_toolchain: nightly
-
-pool:
-  vmImage: $(image_name)
-
-steps:
-- bash: |
-    echo "Hello world from $AGENT_NAME running on $AGENT_OS"
-    echo "Reason: $BUILD_REASON"
-    echo "Requested for: $BUILD_REQUESTEDFOR"
-  displayName: 'Build Info'
-  continueOnError: true
-
-- script: |
-    curl https://sh.rustup.rs -sSf | sh -s -- -y --default-toolchain $RUSTUP_TOOLCHAIN
-    echo "##vso[task.setvariable variable=PATH;]$PATH:$HOME/.cargo/bin"
-  condition: or(eq( variables['Agent.OS'], 'Linux' ),  eq( variables['Agent.OS'], 'Darwin' ))
-  displayName: 'Install Rust (Linux/macOS)'
-
-- script: |
-    curl -sSf -o rustup-init.exe https://win.rustup.rs
-    rustup-init.exe -y --default-toolchain %RUSTUP_TOOLCHAIN%
-    echo ##vso[task.setvariable variable=PATH;]%PATH%;%USERPROFILE%\.cargo\bin
-  condition: eq( variables['Agent.OS'], 'Windows_NT' )
-  displayName: 'Install Rust (Windows)'
-
-- script: |
-    rustc -Vv
-    cargo -V
-  displayName: 'Print Rust Version'
-  continueOnError: true
-
-- script: rustup component add rust-src
-  displayName: 'Install Rustup Src Component'
-
-- script: |
-    cargo install cargo-xbuild --debug
-    cargo install bootimage --debug
-  displayName: 'Install cargo-xbuild and bootimage'
-
-- script: bootimage build
-  displayName: 'Build'
-
-- script: cargo test
-  displayName: 'Unit Tests'
-
-- script: sudo apt install qemu-system-x86
-  condition: eq( variables['Agent.OS'], 'Linux' )
-  displayName: 'Install QEMU (Linux)'
-
-- script: |
-    export HOMEBREW_NO_AUTO_UPDATE=1
-    export HOMEBREW_NO_BOTTLE_SOURCE_FALLBACK=1
-    export HOMEBREW_NO_INSTALL_CLEANUP=1
-    brew install qemu
-  condition: eq( variables['Agent.OS'], 'Darwin' )
-  displayName: 'Install QEMU (macOS)'
-
-- script: |
-    choco install qemu --limit-output --no-progress
-    echo ##vso[task.setvariable variable=PATH;]%PATH%;C:\Program Files\qemu
-    set PATH=%PATH%;C:\Program Files\qemu
-    qemu-system-x86_64 --version
-  condition: eq( variables['Agent.OS'], 'Windows_NT' )
-  displayName: 'Install QEMU (Windows)'
-
-- script: bootimage test
-  displayName: 'Integration Tests'
-
-- script: rustup component add rustfmt
-  displayName: 'Install Rustfmt'
-
-- script: cargo fmt -- --check
-  displayName: 'Check Formatting'

bors.toml

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
 status = [
-  "phil-opp.blog_os",
+  "Test",
 ]
 delete_merged_branches = true

src/bin/test-basic-boot.rs

@@ -1,33 +0,0 @@
-#![cfg_attr(not(test), no_std)]
-#![cfg_attr(not(test), no_main)] // disable all Rust-level entry points
-#![cfg_attr(test, allow(unused_imports))]
-
-use blog_os::{exit_qemu, serial_println};
-use core::panic::PanicInfo;
-
-/// This function is the entry point, since the linker looks for a function
-/// named `_start` by default.
-#[cfg(not(test))]
-#[no_mangle] // don't mangle the name of this function
-pub extern "C" fn _start() -> ! {
-    serial_println!("ok");
-
-    unsafe {
-        exit_qemu();
-    }
-    loop {}
-}
-
-/// This function is called on panic.
-#[cfg(not(test))]
-#[panic_handler]
-fn panic(info: &PanicInfo) -> ! {
-    serial_println!("failed");
-
-    serial_println!("{}", info);
-
-    unsafe {
-        exit_qemu();
-    }
-    loop {}
-}

src/bin/test-exception-breakpoint.rs

@@ -1,34 +0,0 @@
-#![no_std]
-#![cfg_attr(not(test), no_main)]
-#![cfg_attr(test, allow(dead_code, unused_macros, unused_imports))]
-
-use blog_os::{exit_qemu, serial_println};
-use core::panic::PanicInfo;
-
-#[cfg(not(test))]
-#[no_mangle]
-pub extern "C" fn _start() -> ! {
-    blog_os::interrupts::init_idt();
-
-    x86_64::instructions::interrupts::int3();
-
-    serial_println!("ok");
-
-    unsafe {
-        exit_qemu();
-    }
-    loop {}
-}
-
-#[cfg(not(test))]
-#[panic_handler]
-fn panic(info: &PanicInfo) -> ! {
-    serial_println!("failed");
-
-    serial_println!("{}", info);
-
-    unsafe {
-        exit_qemu();
-    }
-    loop {}
-}

src/bin/test-exception-double-fault-stack-overflow.rs

@@ -1,77 +0,0 @@
-#![feature(abi_x86_interrupt)]
-#![no_std]
-#![cfg_attr(not(test), no_main)]
-#![cfg_attr(test, allow(dead_code, unused_macros, unused_imports))]
-
-use blog_os::{exit_qemu, serial_println};
-use core::panic::PanicInfo;
-use lazy_static::lazy_static;
-
-#[cfg(not(test))]
-#[no_mangle]
-#[allow(unconditional_recursion)]
-pub extern "C" fn _start() -> ! {
-    blog_os::gdt::init();
-    init_test_idt();
-
-    fn stack_overflow() {
-        stack_overflow(); // for each recursion, the return address is pushed
-    }
-
-    // trigger a stack overflow
-    stack_overflow();
-
-    serial_println!("failed");
-    serial_println!("No exception occured");
-
-    unsafe {
-        exit_qemu();
-    }
-
-    loop {}
-}
-
-/// This function is called on panic.
-#[cfg(not(test))]
-#[panic_handler]
-fn panic(info: &PanicInfo) -> ! {
-    serial_println!("failed");
-    serial_println!("{}", info);
-
-    unsafe {
-        exit_qemu();
-    }
-
-    loop {}
-}
-
-use x86_64::structures::idt::{InterruptDescriptorTable, InterruptStackFrame};
-
-lazy_static! {
-    static ref TEST_IDT: InterruptDescriptorTable = {
-        let mut idt = InterruptDescriptorTable::new();
-        unsafe {
-            idt.double_fault
-                .set_handler_fn(double_fault_handler)
-                .set_stack_index(blog_os::gdt::DOUBLE_FAULT_IST_INDEX);
-        }
-
-        idt
-    };
-}
-
-pub fn init_test_idt() {
-    TEST_IDT.load();
-}
-
-extern "x86-interrupt" fn double_fault_handler(
-    _stack_frame: &mut InterruptStackFrame,
-    _error_code: u64,
-) {
-    serial_println!("ok");
-
-    unsafe {
-        exit_qemu();
-    }
-    loop {}
-}

src/bin/test-panic.rs

@@ -1,23 +0,0 @@
-#![cfg_attr(not(test), no_std)]
-#![cfg_attr(not(test), no_main)]
-#![cfg_attr(test, allow(unused_imports))]
-
-use blog_os::{exit_qemu, serial_println};
-use core::panic::PanicInfo;
-
-#[cfg(not(test))]
-#[no_mangle]
-pub extern "C" fn _start() -> ! {
-    panic!();
-}
-
-#[cfg(not(test))]
-#[panic_handler]
-fn panic(_info: &PanicInfo) -> ! {
-    serial_println!("ok");
-
-    unsafe {
-        exit_qemu();
-    }
-    loop {}
-}

src/gdt.rs

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 use lazy_static::lazy_static;
+use x86_64::VirtAddr;
 use x86_64::structures::gdt::{Descriptor, GlobalDescriptorTable, SegmentSelector};
 use x86_64::structures::tss::TaskStateSegment;
-use x86_64::VirtAddr;
 
 pub const DOUBLE_FAULT_IST_INDEX: u16 = 0;
 
@@ -9,10 +9,10 @@ lazy_static! {
     static ref TSS: TaskStateSegment = {
         let mut tss = TaskStateSegment::new();
         tss.interrupt_stack_table[DOUBLE_FAULT_IST_INDEX as usize] = {
-            const STACK_SIZE: usize = 4096;
+            const STACK_SIZE: usize = 4096 * 5;
             static mut STACK: [u8; STACK_SIZE] = [0; STACK_SIZE];
 
-            let stack_start = VirtAddr::from_ptr(unsafe { &STACK });
+            let stack_start = VirtAddr::from_ptr(&raw const STACK);
             let stack_end = stack_start + STACK_SIZE;
             stack_end
         };
@@ -41,12 +41,12 @@ struct Selectors {
 }
 
 pub fn init() {
-    use x86_64::instructions::segmentation::set_cs;
+    use x86_64::instructions::segmentation::{CS, Segment};
     use x86_64::instructions::tables::load_tss;
 
     GDT.0.load();
     unsafe {
-        set_cs(GDT.1.code_selector);
+        CS::set_reg(GDT.1.code_selector);
         load_tss(GDT.1.tss_selector);
     }
 }

src/interrupts.rs

@@ -1,9 +1,3 @@
-// The x86-interrupt calling convention leads to the following LLVM error
-// when compiled for a Windows target: "offset is not a multiple of 16". This
-// happens for example when running `cargo test` on Windows. To avoid this
-// problem we skip compilation of this module on Windows.
-#![cfg(not(windows))]
-
 use crate::{gdt, println};
 use lazy_static::lazy_static;
 use x86_64::structures::idt::{InterruptDescriptorTable, InterruptStackFrame};
@@ -25,14 +19,19 @@ pub fn init_idt() {
     IDT.load();
 }
 
-extern "x86-interrupt" fn breakpoint_handler(stack_frame: &mut InterruptStackFrame) {
+extern "x86-interrupt" fn breakpoint_handler(stack_frame: InterruptStackFrame) {
     println!("EXCEPTION: BREAKPOINT\n{:#?}", stack_frame);
 }
 
 extern "x86-interrupt" fn double_fault_handler(
-    stack_frame: &mut InterruptStackFrame,
+    stack_frame: InterruptStackFrame,
     _error_code: u64,
-) {
-    println!("EXCEPTION: DOUBLE FAULT\n{:#?}", stack_frame);
-    loop {}
+) -> ! {
+    panic!("EXCEPTION: DOUBLE FAULT\n{:#?}", stack_frame);
+}
+
+#[test_case]
+fn test_breakpoint_exception() {
+    // invoke a breakpoint exception
+    x86_64::instructions::interrupts::int3();
 }

src/lib.rs

@@ -1,14 +1,78 @@
-#![cfg_attr(not(test), no_std)]
+#![no_std]
+#![cfg_attr(test, no_main)]
+#![feature(custom_test_frameworks)]
 #![feature(abi_x86_interrupt)]
+#![test_runner(crate::test_runner)]
+#![reexport_test_harness_main = "test_main"]
+
+use core::panic::PanicInfo;
 
 pub mod gdt;
 pub mod interrupts;
 pub mod serial;
 pub mod vga_buffer;
 
-pub unsafe fn exit_qemu() {
+pub fn init() {
+    gdt::init();
+    interrupts::init_idt();
+}
+pub trait Testable {
+    fn run(&self) -> ();
+}
+
+impl<T> Testable for T
+where
+    T: Fn(),
+{
+    fn run(&self) {
+        serial_print!("{}...\t", core::any::type_name::<T>());
+        self();
+        serial_println!("[ok]");
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn test_runner(tests: &[&dyn Testable]) {
+    serial_println!("Running {} tests", tests.len());
+    for test in tests {
+        test.run();
+    }
+    exit_qemu(QemuExitCode::Success);
+}
+
+pub fn test_panic_handler(info: &PanicInfo) -> ! {
+    serial_println!("[failed]\n");
+    serial_println!("Error: {}\n", info);
+    exit_qemu(QemuExitCode::Failed);
+    loop {}
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
+#[repr(u32)]
+pub enum QemuExitCode {
+    Success = 0x10,
+    Failed = 0x11,
+}
+
+pub fn exit_qemu(exit_code: QemuExitCode) {
     use x86_64::instructions::port::Port;
 
-    let mut port = Port::<u32>::new(0xf4);
-    port.write(0);
+    unsafe {
+        let mut port = Port::new(0xf4);
+        port.write(exit_code as u32);
+    }
+}
+
+/// Entry point for `cargo xtest`
+#[cfg(test)]
+#[unsafe(no_mangle)]
+pub extern "C" fn _start() -> ! {
+    init();
+    test_main();
+    loop {}
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+#[panic_handler]
+fn panic(info: &PanicInfo) -> ! {
+    test_panic_handler(info)
 }

src/main.rs

@@ -1,24 +1,27 @@
-#![cfg_attr(not(test), no_std)]
-#![cfg_attr(not(test), no_main)]
-#![cfg_attr(test, allow(unused_imports))]
+#![no_std]
+#![no_main]
+#![feature(custom_test_frameworks)]
+#![test_runner(blog_os::test_runner)]
+#![reexport_test_harness_main = "test_main"]
 
 use blog_os::println;
 use core::panic::PanicInfo;
 
-#[cfg(not(test))]
-#[no_mangle]
+#[unsafe(no_mangle)]
 pub extern "C" fn _start() -> ! {
     println!("Hello World{}", "!");
 
-    blog_os::gdt::init();
-    blog_os::interrupts::init_idt();
+    blog_os::init();
 
     fn stack_overflow() {
         stack_overflow(); // for each recursion, the return address is pushed
     }
 
-    // trigger a stack overflow
-    stack_overflow();
+    // uncomment line below to trigger a stack overflow
+    // stack_overflow();
+
+    #[cfg(test)]
+    test_main();
 
     println!("It did not crash!");
     loop {}
@@ -31,3 +34,14 @@ fn panic(info: &PanicInfo) -> ! {
     println!("{}", info);
     loop {}
 }
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+#[panic_handler]
+fn panic(info: &PanicInfo) -> ! {
+    blog_os::test_panic_handler(info)
+}
+
+#[test_case]
+fn trivial_assertion() {
+    assert_eq!(1, 1);
+}

src/serial.rs

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ use uart_16550::SerialPort;
 
 lazy_static! {
     pub static ref SERIAL1: Mutex<SerialPort> = {
-        let mut serial_port = SerialPort::new(0x3F8);
+        let mut serial_port = unsafe { SerialPort::new(0x3F8) };
         serial_port.init();
         Mutex::new(serial_port)
     };
@@ -32,5 +32,6 @@ macro_rules! serial_print {
 macro_rules! serial_println {
     () => ($crate::serial_print!("\n"));
     ($fmt:expr) => ($crate::serial_print!(concat!($fmt, "\n")));
-    ($fmt:expr, $($arg:tt)*) => ($crate::serial_print!(concat!($fmt, "\n"), $($arg)*));
+    ($fmt:expr, $($arg:tt)*) => ($crate::serial_print!(
+        concat!($fmt, "\n"), $($arg)*));
 }

src/vga_buffer.rs

@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ impl Writer {
         for byte in s.bytes() {
             match byte {
                 // printable ASCII byte or newline
-                0x20...0x7e | b'\n' => self.write_byte(byte),
+                0x20..=0x7e | b'\n' => self.write_byte(byte),
                 // not part of printable ASCII range
                 _ => self.write_byte(0xfe),
             }
@@ -170,85 +170,24 @@ pub fn _print(args: fmt::Arguments) {
     WRITER.lock().write_fmt(args).unwrap();
 }
 
-#[cfg(test)]
-mod test {
-    use super::*;
+#[test_case]
+fn test_println_simple() {
+    println!("test_println_simple output");
+}
 
-    fn construct_writer() -> Writer {
-        use std::boxed::Box;
-
-        let buffer = construct_buffer();
-        Writer {
-            column_position: 0,
-            color_code: ColorCode::new(Color::Blue, Color::Magenta),
-            buffer: Box::leak(Box::new(buffer)),
-        }
-    }
-
-    fn construct_buffer() -> Buffer {
-        use array_init::array_init;
-
-        Buffer {
-            chars: array_init(|_| array_init(|_| Volatile::new(empty_char()))),
-        }
-    }
-
-    fn empty_char() -> ScreenChar {
-        ScreenChar {
-            ascii_character: b' ',
-            color_code: ColorCode::new(Color::Green, Color::Brown),
-        }
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn write_byte() {
-        let mut writer = construct_writer();
-        writer.write_byte(b'X');
-        writer.write_byte(b'Y');
-
-        for (i, row) in writer.buffer.chars.iter().enumerate() {
-            for (j, screen_char) in row.iter().enumerate() {
-                let screen_char = screen_char.read();
-                if i == BUFFER_HEIGHT - 1 && j == 0 {
-                    assert_eq!(screen_char.ascii_character, b'X');
-                    assert_eq!(screen_char.color_code, writer.color_code);
-                } else if i == BUFFER_HEIGHT - 1 && j == 1 {
-                    assert_eq!(screen_char.ascii_character, b'Y');
-                    assert_eq!(screen_char.color_code, writer.color_code);
-                } else {
-                    assert_eq!(screen_char, empty_char());
-                }
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn write_formatted() {
-        use core::fmt::Write;
-
-        let mut writer = construct_writer();
-        writeln!(&mut writer, "a").unwrap();
-        writeln!(&mut writer, "b{}", "c").unwrap();
-
-        for (i, row) in writer.buffer.chars.iter().enumerate() {
-            for (j, screen_char) in row.iter().enumerate() {
-                let screen_char = screen_char.read();
-                if i == BUFFER_HEIGHT - 3 && j == 0 {
-                    assert_eq!(screen_char.ascii_character, b'a');
-                    assert_eq!(screen_char.color_code, writer.color_code);
-                } else if i == BUFFER_HEIGHT - 2 && j == 0 {
-                    assert_eq!(screen_char.ascii_character, b'b');
-                    assert_eq!(screen_char.color_code, writer.color_code);
-                } else if i == BUFFER_HEIGHT - 2 && j == 1 {
-                    assert_eq!(screen_char.ascii_character, b'c');
-                    assert_eq!(screen_char.color_code, writer.color_code);
-                } else if i >= BUFFER_HEIGHT - 2 {
-                    assert_eq!(screen_char.ascii_character, b' ');
-                    assert_eq!(screen_char.color_code, writer.color_code);
-                } else {
-                    assert_eq!(screen_char, empty_char());
-                }
-            }
-        }
+#[test_case]
+fn test_println_many() {
+    for _ in 0..200 {
+        println!("test_println_many output");
+    }
+}
+
+#[test_case]
+fn test_println_output() {
+    let s = "Some test string that fits on a single line";
+    println!("{}", s);
+    for (i, c) in s.chars().enumerate() {
+        let screen_char = WRITER.lock().buffer.chars[BUFFER_HEIGHT - 2][i].read();
+        assert_eq!(char::from(screen_char.ascii_character), c);
     }
 }

tests/basic_boot.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+#![no_std]
+#![no_main]
+#![feature(custom_test_frameworks)]
+#![test_runner(blog_os::test_runner)]
+#![reexport_test_harness_main = "test_main"]
+
+use blog_os::println;
+use core::panic::PanicInfo;
+
+#[unsafe(no_mangle)] // don't mangle the name of this function
+pub extern "C" fn _start() -> ! {
+    test_main();
+
+    loop {}
+}
+
+#[panic_handler]
+fn panic(info: &PanicInfo) -> ! {
+    blog_os::test_panic_handler(info)
+}
+
+#[test_case]
+fn test_println() {
+    println!("test_println output");
+}

tests/should_panic.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+#![no_std]
+#![no_main]
+
+use blog_os::{QemuExitCode, exit_qemu, serial_print, serial_println};
+use core::panic::PanicInfo;
+
+#[unsafe(no_mangle)]
+pub extern "C" fn _start() -> ! {
+    should_fail();
+    serial_println!("[test did not panic]");
+    exit_qemu(QemuExitCode::Failed);
+    loop {}
+}
+
+fn should_fail() {
+    serial_print!("should_panic::should_fail...\t");
+    assert_eq!(0, 1);
+}
+
+#[panic_handler]
+fn panic(_info: &PanicInfo) -> ! {
+    serial_println!("[ok]");
+    exit_qemu(QemuExitCode::Success);
+    loop {}
+}

tests/stack_overflow.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+#![no_std]
+#![no_main]
+#![feature(abi_x86_interrupt)]
+
+use blog_os::{QemuExitCode, exit_qemu, serial_print, serial_println};
+use core::panic::PanicInfo;
+use lazy_static::lazy_static;
+use x86_64::structures::idt::{InterruptDescriptorTable, InterruptStackFrame};
+
+#[unsafe(no_mangle)]
+pub extern "C" fn _start() -> ! {
+    serial_print!("stack_overflow::stack_overflow...\t");
+
+    blog_os::gdt::init();
+    init_test_idt();
+
+    // trigger a stack overflow
+    stack_overflow();
+
+    panic!("Execution continued after stack overflow");
+}
+
+#[allow(unconditional_recursion)]
+fn stack_overflow() {
+    stack_overflow(); // for each recursion, the return address is pushed
+    volatile::Volatile::new(0).read(); // prevent tail recursion optimizations
+}
+
+lazy_static! {
+    static ref TEST_IDT: InterruptDescriptorTable = {
+        let mut idt = InterruptDescriptorTable::new();
+        unsafe {
+            idt.double_fault
+                .set_handler_fn(test_double_fault_handler)
+                .set_stack_index(blog_os::gdt::DOUBLE_FAULT_IST_INDEX);
+        }
+
+        idt
+    };
+}
+
+pub fn init_test_idt() {
+    TEST_IDT.load();
+}
+
+extern "x86-interrupt" fn test_double_fault_handler(
+    _stack_frame: InterruptStackFrame,
+    _error_code: u64,
+) -> ! {
+    serial_println!("[ok]");
+    exit_qemu(QemuExitCode::Success);
+    loop {}
+}
+
+#[panic_handler]
+fn panic(info: &PanicInfo) -> ! {
+    blog_os::test_panic_handler(info)
+}

x86_64-blog_os.json

@@ -1,15 +1,16 @@
 {
     "llvm-target": "x86_64-unknown-none",
-    "data-layout": "e-m:e-i64:64-f80:128-n8:16:32:64-S128",
+    "data-layout": "e-m:e-p270:32:32-p271:32:32-p272:64:64-i64:64-i128:128-f80:128-n8:16:32:64-S128",
     "arch": "x86_64",
     "target-endian": "little",
     "target-pointer-width": "64",
-    "target-c-int-width": "32",
+    "target-c-int-width": 32,
     "os": "none",
     "executables": true,
     "linker-flavor": "ld.lld",
     "linker": "rust-lld",
     "panic-strategy": "abort",
     "disable-redzone": true,
-    "features": "-mmx,-sse,+soft-float"
+    "features": "-mmx,-sse,+soft-float",
+    "rustc-abi": "x86-softfloat"
   }