Align the double fault stack through a new wrapper type

Make double fault handlers diverging

.appveyor.yml

@@ -1,91 +0,0 @@
-branches:
-  only:
-    - staging
-    - trying
-    - master
-    - /post-.*/
-
-# Appveyor configuration template for Rust using rustup for Rust installation
-# https://github.com/starkat99/appveyor-rust
-
-## Operating System (VM environment) ##
-
-# Rust needs at least Visual Studio 2013 Appveyor OS for MSVC targets.
-os: Visual Studio 2015
-
-## Build Matrix ##
-environment:
-  matrix:
-
-### MSVC Toolchains ###
-  # Nightly 64-bit MSVC
-    - channel: nightly
-      target: x86_64-pc-windows-msvc
-      MSYS_BITS: 64
-  # Nightly 32-bit MSVC
-    - channel: nightly
-      target: i686-pc-windows-msvc
-      MSYS_BITS: 32
-
-### GNU Toolchains ###
-  # Nightly 64-bit GNU
-    - channel: nightly
-      target: x86_64-pc-windows-gnu
-      MSYS_BITS: 64
-  # Nightly 32-bit GNU
-    - channel: nightly
-      target: i686-pc-windows-gnu
-      MSYS_BITS: 32
-
-cache:
-  - '%USERPROFILE%\.cargo\bin'
-  - '%USERPROFILE%\.cargo\.crates.toml'
-
-## Install Script ##
-
-# This is the most important part of the Appveyor configuration. This installs the version of Rust
-# specified by the 'channel' and 'target' environment variables from the build matrix. This uses
-# rustup to install Rust.
-#
-# For simple configurations, instead of using the build matrix, you can simply set the
-# default-toolchain and default-host manually here.
-install:
-  - appveyor-retry appveyor DownloadFile https://win.rustup.rs/ -FileName rustup-init.exe
-  - rustup-init -yv --default-toolchain %channel% --default-host %target%
-  - set PATH=%PATH%;%USERPROFILE%\.cargo\bin
-  - rustc -vV
-  - cargo -vV
-
-  # Install qemu
-  - echo %cd%
-  - mkdir "C:\Program Files\qemu"
-  - cd "C:\Program Files\qemu"
-  - if %target%==i686-pc-windows-msvc appveyor DownloadFile "https://qemu.weilnetz.de/w32/2018/qemu-w32-setup-20180801.exe" -FileName "qemu-setup.exe"
-  - if %target%==i686-pc-windows-gnu appveyor DownloadFile "https://qemu.weilnetz.de/w32/2018/qemu-w32-setup-20180801.exe" -FileName "qemu-setup.exe"
-  - if %target%==x86_64-pc-windows-msvc appveyor DownloadFile "https://qemu.weilnetz.de/w64/2018/qemu-w64-setup-20180801.exe" -FileName "qemu-setup.exe"
-  - if %target%==x86_64-pc-windows-gnu appveyor DownloadFile "https://qemu.weilnetz.de/w64/2018/qemu-w64-setup-20180801.exe" -FileName "qemu-setup.exe"
-  - 7z x qemu-setup.exe
-  - set PATH=%PATH%;C:\Program Files\qemu
-  - cd "C:\projects\blog-os"
-
-## Build Script ##
-
-# 'cargo test' takes care of building for us, so disable Appveyor's build stage. This prevents
-# the "directory does not contain a project or solution file" error.
-build: false
-
-before_test:
-  - set PATH=C:\msys64\mingw%MSYS_BITS%\bin;C:\msys64\usr\bin;%PATH%
-  # Fix undefined references to __acrt_iob_func()
-  - sed -rie "s/#define std([[:alpha:]]+)[[:space:]]+\(__acrt_iob_func\(([[:digit:]]+)\)\)/#define std\1 (\&__iob_func()[\2])/" "C:\msys64\mingw64\x86_64-w64-mingw32\include\stdio.h"
-  - sed -rie "s/#define std([[:alpha:]]+)[[:space:]]+\(__acrt_iob_func\(([[:digit:]]+)\)\)/#define std\1 (\&__iob_func()[\2])/" "C:\msys64\mingw32\i686-w64-mingw32\include\stdio.h"
-  - rustup component add rust-src
-  - set RUST_BACKTRACE=1
-  - if not exist %USERPROFILE%\.cargo\bin\cargo-install-latest.exe cargo install cargo-install-latest
-  - cargo install-latest cargo-xbuild bootimage
-
-test_script:
-  - bootimage build
-  - if %target%==x86_64-pc-windows-gnu cargo test
-  - if %target%==x86_64-pc-windows-msvc cargo test
-  - bootimage test

.cargo/config

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+[build]
+target = "x86_64-blog_os.json"
+
+[target.'cfg(target_os = "none")']
+runner = "bootimage runner"

.github/workflows/build-code.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+name: Build Code
+
+on:
+  push:
+    branches:
+      - '*'
+      - '!staging.tmp'
+    tags:
+      - '*'
+  schedule:
+    - cron: '40 3 * * *'   # every day at 3:40
+  pull_request:
+
+jobs:
+  test:
+    name: "Test"
+
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        platform: [
+          ubuntu-latest,
+          macos-latest,
+          windows-latest
+        ]
+
+    runs-on: ${{ matrix.platform }}
+    timeout-minutes: 15
+
+    steps:
+    - name: "Checkout Repository"
+      uses: actions/checkout@v1
+
+    - name: Install Rustup
+      run: |
+        curl --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 -sSf https://sh.rustup.rs | sh -s -- -y --default-toolchain nightly
+        echo ::add-path::$HOME/.cargo/bin
+      if: runner.os == 'macOS'
+
+    - name: "Print Rust Version"
+      run: |
+        rustc -Vv
+        cargo -Vv
+
+    - name: "Install Rustup Components"
+      run: rustup component add rust-src llvm-tools-preview
+    - name: "Install cargo-xbuild"
+      run: cargo install cargo-xbuild --debug
+    - name: "Install bootimage"
+      run: cargo install bootimage --debug
+
+    - name: "Run cargo xbuild"
+      run: cargo xbuild
+    - name: "Create Bootimage"
+      run: cargo bootimage
+
+     # install QEMU
+    - name: Install QEMU (Linux)
+      run: sudo apt update && sudo apt install qemu-system-x86
+      if: runner.os == 'Linux'
+    - name: Install QEMU (macOS)
+      run: brew install qemu
+      if: runner.os == 'macOS'
+      env:
+        HOMEBREW_NO_AUTO_UPDATE: 1
+        HOMEBREW_NO_BOTTLE_SOURCE_FALLBACK: 1
+        HOMEBREW_NO_INSTALL_CLEANUP: 1
+    - name: Install Scoop (Windows)
+      run: |
+        Invoke-Expression (New-Object System.Net.WebClient).DownloadString('https://get.scoop.sh')
+        echo ::add-path::$HOME\scoop\shims
+      if: runner.os == 'Windows'
+      shell: pwsh
+    - name: Install QEMU (Windows)
+      run: scoop install qemu
+      if: runner.os == 'Windows'
+      shell: pwsh
+    - name: "Print QEMU Version"
+      run: qemu-system-x86_64 --version
+
+    - name: "Run cargo xtest"
+      run: cargo xtest
+
+  check_formatting:
+    name: "Check Formatting"
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    timeout-minutes: 2
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v1
+    - name: "Use the latest Rust nightly with rustfmt"
+      uses: actions-rs/toolchain@v1
+      with:
+          toolchain: nightly
+          profile: minimal
+          components: rustfmt
+          override: true
+    - run: cargo fmt -- --check

.gitignore

@@ -1,2 +1,4 @@
 /target
-**/*.rs.bk
+**/*.rs.bk
+
+.vscode

.travis.yml

@@ -1,52 +0,0 @@
-language: rust
-
-rust:
-    - nightly
-
-os:
-  - linux
-  - osx
-  - windows
-
-notifications:
-    email:
-        on_success: never
-        on_failure: always
-
-branches:
-  only:
-    # This is where pull requests from "bors r+" are built.
-    - staging
-    # This is where pull requests from "bors try" are built.
-    - trying
-    # Build pull requests.
-    - master
-    # Build post braches
-    - /^post-.*$/
-
-cache:
-  directories:
-    - $HOME/.cargo
-    - $HOME/Library/Caches/Homebrew
-
-addons:
-  apt:
-    packages:
-      - qemu-system-x86
-  homebrew:
-    packages:
-      - qemu
-
-install:
-  - if [ $TRAVIS_OS_NAME = windows ]; then choco install qemu; export PATH="/c/Program Files/qemu:$PATH"; fi
-
-before_script:
-  - rustup component add rust-src
-  - (test -x $HOME/.cargo/bin/cargo-install-latest || cargo install cargo-install-latest)
-  - cargo install-latest cargo-xbuild bootimage cargo-cache
-
-script:
-  - bootimage build
-  - cargo test
-  - bootimage test
-  - cargo cache --autoclean

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-
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-version = "0.1.2"
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Cargo.toml

@@ -4,25 +4,29 @@ version = "0.1.0"
 authors = ["Philipp Oppermann <dev@phil-opp.com>"]
 edition = "2018"
 
+[[test]]
+name = "should_panic"
+harness = false
+
+[[test]]
+name = "stack_overflow"
+harness = false
+
 [dependencies]
-bootloader = "0.4.0"
-volatile = "0.2.3"
-spin = "0.4.9"
-uart_16550 = "0.1.0"
-x86_64 = "0.5.2"
+bootloader = "0.8.0"
+volatile = "0.2.6"
+spin = "0.5.2"
+x86_64 = "0.8.1"
+uart_16550 = "0.2.0"
 
 [dependencies.lazy_static]
 version = "1.0"
 features = ["spin_no_std"]
 
-[dev-dependencies]
-array-init = "0.0.3"
-
-[profile.dev]
-panic = "abort"
-
-[profile.release]
-panic = "abort"
 
 [package.metadata.bootimage]
-default-target = "x86_64-blog_os.json"
+test-args = [
+    "-device", "isa-debug-exit,iobase=0xf4,iosize=0x04", "-serial", "stdio",
+    "-display", "none"
+]
+test-success-exit-code = 33         # (0x10 << 1) | 1

LICENSE-APACHE

@@ -0,0 +1,201 @@
+                                 Apache License
+                           Version 2.0, January 2004
+                        http://www.apache.org/licenses/
+
+   TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR USE, REPRODUCTION, AND DISTRIBUTION
+
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+
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+      any Contribution intentionally submitted for inclusion in the Work
+      by You to the Licensor shall be under the terms and conditions of
+      this License, without any additional terms or conditions.
+      Notwithstanding the above, nothing herein shall supersede or modify
+      the terms of any separate license agreement you may have executed
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+   6. Trademarks. This License does not grant permission to use the trade
+      names, trademarks, service marks, or product names of the Licensor,
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+
+   7. Disclaimer of Warranty. Unless required by applicable law or
+      agreed to in writing, Licensor provides the Work (and each
+      Contributor provides its Contributions) on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+      WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or
+      implied, including, without limitation, any warranties or conditions
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+      PARTICULAR PURPOSE. You are solely responsible for determining the
+      appropriateness of using or redistributing the Work and assume any
+      risks associated with Your exercise of permissions under this License.
+
+   8. Limitation of Liability. In no event and under no legal theory,
+      whether in tort (including negligence), contract, or otherwise,
+      unless required by applicable law (such as deliberate and grossly
+      negligent acts) or agreed to in writing, shall any Contributor be
+      liable to You for damages, including any direct, indirect, special,
+      incidental, or consequential damages of any character arising as a
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+      Work (including but not limited to damages for loss of goodwill,
+      work stoppage, computer failure or malfunction, or any and all
+      other commercial damages or losses), even if such Contributor
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+   9. Accepting Warranty or Additional Liability. While redistributing
+      the Work or Derivative Works thereof, You may choose to offer,
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+      on Your own behalf and on Your sole responsibility, not on behalf
+      of any other Contributor, and only if You agree to indemnify,
+      defend, and hold each Contributor harmless for any liability
+      incurred by, or claims asserted against, such Contributor by reason
+      of your accepting any such warranty or additional liability.
+
+   END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
+
+   APPENDIX: How to apply the Apache License to your work.
+
+      To apply the Apache License to your work, attach the following
+      boilerplate notice, with the fields enclosed by brackets "{}"
+      replaced with your own identifying information. (Don't include
+      the brackets!)  The text should be enclosed in the appropriate
+      comment syntax for the file format. We also recommend that a
+      file or class name and description of purpose be included on the
+      same "printed page" as the copyright notice for easier
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+
+   Copyright {yyyy} {name of copyright owner}
+
+   Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+   you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+   You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+       http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+   Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+   distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+   WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+   See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+   limitations under the License.

LICENSE-MIT

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+The MIT License (MIT)
+
+Copyright (c) 2019 Philipp Oppermann
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

README.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # Blog OS (Double Faults)
 
-[![Build Status](https://travis-ci.org/phil-opp/blog_os.svg?branch=post-07)](https://travis-ci.org/phil-opp/blog_os/branches)
+[![Build Status](https://github.com/phil-opp/blog_os/workflows/Build%20Code/badge.svg?branch=post-06)](https://github.com/phil-opp/blog_os/actions?query=workflow%3A%22Build+Code%22+branch%3Apost-06)
 
 This repository contains the source code for the [Double Faults][post] post of the [Writing an OS in Rust](https://os.phil-opp.com) series.
 
@@ -19,7 +19,13 @@ cargo install cargo-xbuild bootimage
 Then you can build the project by running:
 
 ```
-bootimage build
+cargo xbuild
+```
+
+To create a bootable disk image, run:
+
+```
+cargo bootimage
 ```
 
 This creates a bootable disk image in the `target/x86_64-blog_os/debug` directory.
@@ -33,7 +39,7 @@ You can run the disk image in [QEMU] through:
 [QEMU]: https://www.qemu.org/
 
 ```
-bootimage run
+cargo xrun
 ```
 
 Of course [QEMU] needs to be installed for this.
@@ -48,7 +54,20 @@ Where `sdX` is the device name of your USB stick. **Be careful** to choose the c
 
 ## Testing
 
-To run the unit tests on the host system, execute `cargo test`. To run the integration tests in [QEMU], run `bootimage test`.
+To run the unit and integration tests, execute `cargo xtest`.
 
 ## License
-The source code is dual-licensed under MIT or the Apache License (Version 2.0).
+
+Licensed under either of
+
+- Apache License, Version 2.0 ([LICENSE-APACHE](LICENSE-APACHE) or
+  http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0)
+- MIT license ([LICENSE-MIT](LICENSE-MIT) or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT)
+
+at your option.
+
+Note that this only applies to this git branch, other branches might be licensed differently.
+
+### Contribution
+
+Unless you explicitly state otherwise, any contribution intentionally submitted for inclusion in the work by you, as defined in the Apache-2.0 license, shall be dual licensed as above, without any additional terms or conditions.

azure-pipelines.yml

@@ -1,99 +0,0 @@
-# Documentation: https://aka.ms/yaml
-
-trigger:
-  batch: true
-  branches:
-    include:
-    # This is where pull requests from "bors r+" are built.
-    - staging
-    # This is where pull requests from "bors try" are built.
-    - trying
-    # Build pull requests.
-    - master
-    # Build post braches
-    - post-*
-
-strategy:
-  matrix:
-    linux:
-      image_name: 'ubuntu-16.04'
-      rustup_toolchain: nightly
-    mac:
-      image_name: 'macos-10.13'
-      rustup_toolchain: nightly
-    windows:
-      image_name: 'vs2017-win2016'
-      rustup_toolchain: nightly
-
-pool:
-  vmImage: $(image_name)
-
-steps:
-- bash: |
-    echo "Hello world from $AGENT_NAME running on $AGENT_OS"
-    echo "Reason: $BUILD_REASON"
-    echo "Requested for: $BUILD_REQUESTEDFOR"
-  displayName: 'Build Info'
-  continueOnError: true
-
-- script: |
-    curl https://sh.rustup.rs -sSf | sh -s -- -y --default-toolchain $RUSTUP_TOOLCHAIN
-    echo "##vso[task.setvariable variable=PATH;]$PATH:$HOME/.cargo/bin"
-  condition: or(eq( variables['Agent.OS'], 'Linux' ),  eq( variables['Agent.OS'], 'Darwin' ))
-  displayName: 'Install Rust (Linux/macOS)'
-
-- script: |
-    curl -sSf -o rustup-init.exe https://win.rustup.rs
-    rustup-init.exe -y --default-toolchain %RUSTUP_TOOLCHAIN%
-    echo ##vso[task.setvariable variable=PATH;]%PATH%;%USERPROFILE%\.cargo\bin
-  condition: eq( variables['Agent.OS'], 'Windows_NT' )
-  displayName: 'Install Rust (Windows)'
-
-- script: |
-    rustc -Vv
-    cargo -V
-  displayName: 'Print Rust Version'
-  continueOnError: true
-
-- script: rustup component add rust-src
-  displayName: 'Install Rustup Src Component'
-
-- script: |
-    cargo install cargo-xbuild --debug
-    cargo install bootimage --debug
-  displayName: 'Install cargo-xbuild and bootimage'
-
-- script: bootimage build
-  displayName: 'Build'
-
-- script: cargo test
-  displayName: 'Unit Tests'
-
-- script: sudo apt install qemu-system-x86
-  condition: eq( variables['Agent.OS'], 'Linux' )
-  displayName: 'Install QEMU (Linux)'
-
-- script: |
-    export HOMEBREW_NO_AUTO_UPDATE=1
-    export HOMEBREW_NO_BOTTLE_SOURCE_FALLBACK=1
-    export HOMEBREW_NO_INSTALL_CLEANUP=1
-    brew install qemu
-  condition: eq( variables['Agent.OS'], 'Darwin' )
-  displayName: 'Install QEMU (macOS)'
-
-- script: |
-    choco install qemu --limit-output --no-progress
-    echo ##vso[task.setvariable variable=PATH;]%PATH%;C:\Program Files\qemu
-    set PATH=%PATH%;C:\Program Files\qemu
-    qemu-system-x86_64 --version
-  condition: eq( variables['Agent.OS'], 'Windows_NT' )
-  displayName: 'Install QEMU (Windows)'
-
-- script: bootimage test
-  displayName: 'Integration Tests'
-
-- script: rustup component add rustfmt
-  displayName: 'Install Rustfmt'
-
-- script: cargo fmt -- --check
-  displayName: 'Check Formatting'

bors.toml

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
 status = [
-  "phil-opp.blog_os",
+  "Test",
 ]
 delete_merged_branches = true

src/bin/test-basic-boot.rs

@@ -1,33 +0,0 @@
-#![cfg_attr(not(test), no_std)]
-#![cfg_attr(not(test), no_main)] // disable all Rust-level entry points
-#![cfg_attr(test, allow(unused_imports))]
-
-use blog_os::{exit_qemu, serial_println};
-use core::panic::PanicInfo;
-
-/// This function is the entry point, since the linker looks for a function
-/// named `_start` by default.
-#[cfg(not(test))]
-#[no_mangle] // don't mangle the name of this function
-pub extern "C" fn _start() -> ! {
-    serial_println!("ok");
-
-    unsafe {
-        exit_qemu();
-    }
-    loop {}
-}
-
-/// This function is called on panic.
-#[cfg(not(test))]
-#[panic_handler]
-fn panic(info: &PanicInfo) -> ! {
-    serial_println!("failed");
-
-    serial_println!("{}", info);
-
-    unsafe {
-        exit_qemu();
-    }
-    loop {}
-}

src/bin/test-exception-breakpoint.rs

@@ -1,34 +0,0 @@
-#![no_std]
-#![cfg_attr(not(test), no_main)]
-#![cfg_attr(test, allow(dead_code, unused_macros, unused_imports))]
-
-use blog_os::{exit_qemu, serial_println};
-use core::panic::PanicInfo;
-
-#[cfg(not(test))]
-#[no_mangle]
-pub extern "C" fn _start() -> ! {
-    blog_os::interrupts::init_idt();
-
-    x86_64::instructions::interrupts::int3();
-
-    serial_println!("ok");
-
-    unsafe {
-        exit_qemu();
-    }
-    loop {}
-}
-
-#[cfg(not(test))]
-#[panic_handler]
-fn panic(info: &PanicInfo) -> ! {
-    serial_println!("failed");
-
-    serial_println!("{}", info);
-
-    unsafe {
-        exit_qemu();
-    }
-    loop {}
-}

src/bin/test-panic.rs

@@ -1,23 +0,0 @@
-#![cfg_attr(not(test), no_std)]
-#![cfg_attr(not(test), no_main)]
-#![cfg_attr(test, allow(unused_imports))]
-
-use blog_os::{exit_qemu, serial_println};
-use core::panic::PanicInfo;
-
-#[cfg(not(test))]
-#[no_mangle]
-pub extern "C" fn _start() -> ! {
-    panic!();
-}
-
-#[cfg(not(test))]
-#[panic_handler]
-fn panic(_info: &PanicInfo) -> ! {
-    serial_println!("ok");
-
-    unsafe {
-        exit_qemu();
-    }
-    loop {}
-}

src/gdt.rs

@@ -10,7 +10,11 @@ lazy_static! {
         let mut tss = TaskStateSegment::new();
         tss.interrupt_stack_table[DOUBLE_FAULT_IST_INDEX as usize] = {
             const STACK_SIZE: usize = 4096;
-            static mut STACK: [u8; STACK_SIZE] = [0; STACK_SIZE];
+
+            #[repr(align(16))]
+            struct Stack([u8; STACK_SIZE]);
+
+            static mut STACK: Stack = Stack([0; STACK_SIZE]);
 
             let stack_start = VirtAddr::from_ptr(unsafe { &STACK });
             let stack_end = stack_start + STACK_SIZE;

src/interrupts.rs

@@ -1,9 +1,3 @@
-// The x86-interrupt calling convention leads to the following LLVM error
-// when compiled for a Windows target: "offset is not a multiple of 16". This
-// happens for example when running `cargo test` on Windows. To avoid this
-// problem we skip compilation of this module on Windows.
-#![cfg(not(windows))]
-
 use crate::{gdt, println};
 use lazy_static::lazy_static;
 use x86_64::structures::idt::{InterruptDescriptorTable, InterruptStackFrame};
@@ -32,7 +26,17 @@ extern "x86-interrupt" fn breakpoint_handler(stack_frame: &mut InterruptStackFra
 extern "x86-interrupt" fn double_fault_handler(
     stack_frame: &mut InterruptStackFrame,
     _error_code: u64,
-) {
-    println!("EXCEPTION: DOUBLE FAULT\n{:#?}", stack_frame);
-    loop {}
+) -> ! {
+    panic!("EXCEPTION: DOUBLE FAULT\n{:#?}", stack_frame);
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+use crate::{serial_print, serial_println};
+
+#[test_case]
+fn test_breakpoint_exception() {
+    serial_print!("test_breakpoint_exception...");
+    // invoke a breakpoint exception
+    x86_64::instructions::interrupts::int3();
+    serial_println!("[ok]");
 }

src/lib.rs

@@ -1,14 +1,64 @@
-#![cfg_attr(not(test), no_std)]
+#![no_std]
+#![cfg_attr(test, no_main)]
+#![feature(custom_test_frameworks)]
 #![feature(abi_x86_interrupt)]
+#![test_runner(crate::test_runner)]
+#![reexport_test_harness_main = "test_main"]
+
+use core::panic::PanicInfo;
 
 pub mod gdt;
 pub mod interrupts;
 pub mod serial;
 pub mod vga_buffer;
 
-pub unsafe fn exit_qemu() {
+pub fn init() {
+    gdt::init();
+    interrupts::init_idt();
+}
+
+pub fn test_runner(tests: &[&dyn Fn()]) {
+    serial_println!("Running {} tests", tests.len());
+    for test in tests {
+        test();
+    }
+    exit_qemu(QemuExitCode::Success);
+}
+
+pub fn test_panic_handler(info: &PanicInfo) -> ! {
+    serial_println!("[failed]\n");
+    serial_println!("Error: {}\n", info);
+    exit_qemu(QemuExitCode::Failed);
+    loop {}
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
+#[repr(u32)]
+pub enum QemuExitCode {
+    Success = 0x10,
+    Failed = 0x11,
+}
+
+pub fn exit_qemu(exit_code: QemuExitCode) {
     use x86_64::instructions::port::Port;
 
-    let mut port = Port::<u32>::new(0xf4);
-    port.write(0);
+    unsafe {
+        let mut port = Port::new(0xf4);
+        port.write(exit_code as u32);
+    }
+}
+
+/// Entry point for `cargo xtest`
+#[cfg(test)]
+#[no_mangle]
+pub extern "C" fn _start() -> ! {
+    init();
+    test_main();
+    loop {}
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+#[panic_handler]
+fn panic(info: &PanicInfo) -> ! {
+    test_panic_handler(info)
 }

src/main.rs

@@ -1,24 +1,27 @@
-#![cfg_attr(not(test), no_std)]
-#![cfg_attr(not(test), no_main)]
-#![cfg_attr(test, allow(unused_imports))]
+#![no_std]
+#![no_main]
+#![feature(custom_test_frameworks)]
+#![test_runner(blog_os::test_runner)]
+#![reexport_test_harness_main = "test_main"]
 
 use blog_os::println;
 use core::panic::PanicInfo;
 
-#[cfg(not(test))]
 #[no_mangle]
 pub extern "C" fn _start() -> ! {
     println!("Hello World{}", "!");
 
-    blog_os::gdt::init();
-    blog_os::interrupts::init_idt();
+    blog_os::init();
 
     fn stack_overflow() {
         stack_overflow(); // for each recursion, the return address is pushed
     }
 
-    // trigger a stack overflow
-    stack_overflow();
+    // uncomment line below to trigger a stack overflow
+    // stack_overflow();
+
+    #[cfg(test)]
+    test_main();
 
     println!("It did not crash!");
     loop {}
@@ -31,3 +34,9 @@ fn panic(info: &PanicInfo) -> ! {
     println!("{}", info);
     loop {}
 }
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+#[panic_handler]
+fn panic(info: &PanicInfo) -> ! {
+    blog_os::test_panic_handler(info)
+}

src/serial.rs

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ use uart_16550::SerialPort;
 
 lazy_static! {
     pub static ref SERIAL1: Mutex<SerialPort> = {
-        let mut serial_port = SerialPort::new(0x3F8);
+        let mut serial_port = unsafe { SerialPort::new(0x3F8) };
         serial_port.init();
         Mutex::new(serial_port)
     };
@@ -32,5 +32,6 @@ macro_rules! serial_print {
 macro_rules! serial_println {
     () => ($crate::serial_print!("\n"));
     ($fmt:expr) => ($crate::serial_print!(concat!($fmt, "\n")));
-    ($fmt:expr, $($arg:tt)*) => ($crate::serial_print!(concat!($fmt, "\n"), $($arg)*));
+    ($fmt:expr, $($arg:tt)*) => ($crate::serial_print!(
+        concat!($fmt, "\n"), $($arg)*));
 }

src/vga_buffer.rs

@@ -3,6 +3,9 @@ use lazy_static::lazy_static;
 use spin::Mutex;
 use volatile::Volatile;
 
+#[cfg(test)]
+use crate::{serial_print, serial_println};
+
 lazy_static! {
     /// A global `Writer` instance that can be used for printing to the VGA text buffer.
     ///
@@ -112,7 +115,7 @@ impl Writer {
         for byte in s.bytes() {
             match byte {
                 // printable ASCII byte or newline
-                0x20...0x7e | b'\n' => self.write_byte(byte),
+                0x20..=0x7e | b'\n' => self.write_byte(byte),
                 // not part of printable ASCII range
                 _ => self.write_byte(0xfe),
             }
@@ -170,85 +173,32 @@ pub fn _print(args: fmt::Arguments) {
     WRITER.lock().write_fmt(args).unwrap();
 }
 
-#[cfg(test)]
-mod test {
-    use super::*;
-
-    fn construct_writer() -> Writer {
-        use std::boxed::Box;
-
-        let buffer = construct_buffer();
-        Writer {
-            column_position: 0,
-            color_code: ColorCode::new(Color::Blue, Color::Magenta),
-            buffer: Box::leak(Box::new(buffer)),
-        }
-    }
-
-    fn construct_buffer() -> Buffer {
-        use array_init::array_init;
-
-        Buffer {
-            chars: array_init(|_| array_init(|_| Volatile::new(empty_char()))),
-        }
-    }
-
-    fn empty_char() -> ScreenChar {
-        ScreenChar {
-            ascii_character: b' ',
-            color_code: ColorCode::new(Color::Green, Color::Brown),
-        }
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn write_byte() {
-        let mut writer = construct_writer();
-        writer.write_byte(b'X');
-        writer.write_byte(b'Y');
-
-        for (i, row) in writer.buffer.chars.iter().enumerate() {
-            for (j, screen_char) in row.iter().enumerate() {
-                let screen_char = screen_char.read();
-                if i == BUFFER_HEIGHT - 1 && j == 0 {
-                    assert_eq!(screen_char.ascii_character, b'X');
-                    assert_eq!(screen_char.color_code, writer.color_code);
-                } else if i == BUFFER_HEIGHT - 1 && j == 1 {
-                    assert_eq!(screen_char.ascii_character, b'Y');
-                    assert_eq!(screen_char.color_code, writer.color_code);
-                } else {
-                    assert_eq!(screen_char, empty_char());
-                }
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn write_formatted() {
-        use core::fmt::Write;
-
-        let mut writer = construct_writer();
-        writeln!(&mut writer, "a").unwrap();
-        writeln!(&mut writer, "b{}", "c").unwrap();
-
-        for (i, row) in writer.buffer.chars.iter().enumerate() {
-            for (j, screen_char) in row.iter().enumerate() {
-                let screen_char = screen_char.read();
-                if i == BUFFER_HEIGHT - 3 && j == 0 {
-                    assert_eq!(screen_char.ascii_character, b'a');
-                    assert_eq!(screen_char.color_code, writer.color_code);
-                } else if i == BUFFER_HEIGHT - 2 && j == 0 {
-                    assert_eq!(screen_char.ascii_character, b'b');
-                    assert_eq!(screen_char.color_code, writer.color_code);
-                } else if i == BUFFER_HEIGHT - 2 && j == 1 {
-                    assert_eq!(screen_char.ascii_character, b'c');
-                    assert_eq!(screen_char.color_code, writer.color_code);
-                } else if i >= BUFFER_HEIGHT - 2 {
-                    assert_eq!(screen_char.ascii_character, b' ');
-                    assert_eq!(screen_char.color_code, writer.color_code);
-                } else {
-                    assert_eq!(screen_char, empty_char());
-                }
-            }
-        }
-    }
+#[test_case]
+fn test_println_simple() {
+    serial_print!("test_println... ");
+    println!("test_println_simple output");
+    serial_println!("[ok]");
+}
+
+#[test_case]
+fn test_println_many() {
+    serial_print!("test_println_many... ");
+    for _ in 0..200 {
+        println!("test_println_many output");
+    }
+    serial_println!("[ok]");
+}
+
+#[test_case]
+fn test_println_output() {
+    serial_print!("test_println_output... ");
+
+    let s = "Some test string that fits on a single line";
+    println!("{}", s);
+    for (i, c) in s.chars().enumerate() {
+        let screen_char = WRITER.lock().buffer.chars[BUFFER_HEIGHT - 2][i].read();
+        assert_eq!(char::from(screen_char.ascii_character), c);
+    }
+
+    serial_println!("[ok]");
 }

tests/basic_boot.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+#![no_std]
+#![no_main]
+#![feature(custom_test_frameworks)]
+#![test_runner(blog_os::test_runner)]
+#![reexport_test_harness_main = "test_main"]
+
+use blog_os::{println, serial_print, serial_println};
+use core::panic::PanicInfo;
+
+#[no_mangle] // don't mangle the name of this function
+pub extern "C" fn _start() -> ! {
+    test_main();
+
+    loop {}
+}
+
+#[panic_handler]
+fn panic(info: &PanicInfo) -> ! {
+    blog_os::test_panic_handler(info)
+}
+
+#[test_case]
+fn test_println() {
+    serial_print!("test_println... ");
+    println!("test_println output");
+    serial_println!("[ok]");
+}

tests/should_panic.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+#![no_std]
+#![no_main]
+
+use blog_os::{exit_qemu, serial_print, serial_println, QemuExitCode};
+use core::panic::PanicInfo;
+
+#[no_mangle]
+pub extern "C" fn _start() -> ! {
+    should_fail();
+    serial_println!("[test did not panic]");
+    exit_qemu(QemuExitCode::Failed);
+    loop {}
+}
+
+fn should_fail() {
+    serial_print!("should_fail... ");
+    assert_eq!(0, 1);
+}
+
+#[panic_handler]
+fn panic(_info: &PanicInfo) -> ! {
+    serial_println!("[ok]");
+    exit_qemu(QemuExitCode::Success);
+    loop {}
+}

tests/stack_overflow.rs

@@ -1,58 +1,36 @@
-#![feature(abi_x86_interrupt)]
 #![no_std]
-#![cfg_attr(not(test), no_main)]
-#![cfg_attr(test, allow(dead_code, unused_macros, unused_imports))]
+#![no_main]
+#![feature(abi_x86_interrupt)]
 
-use blog_os::{exit_qemu, serial_println};
+use blog_os::{exit_qemu, serial_print, serial_println, QemuExitCode};
 use core::panic::PanicInfo;
 use lazy_static::lazy_static;
+use x86_64::structures::idt::{InterruptDescriptorTable, InterruptStackFrame};
 
-#[cfg(not(test))]
 #[no_mangle]
-#[allow(unconditional_recursion)]
 pub extern "C" fn _start() -> ! {
+    serial_print!("stack_overflow... ");
+
     blog_os::gdt::init();
     init_test_idt();
 
-    fn stack_overflow() {
-        stack_overflow(); // for each recursion, the return address is pushed
-    }
-
     // trigger a stack overflow
     stack_overflow();
 
-    serial_println!("failed");
-    serial_println!("No exception occured");
-
-    unsafe {
-        exit_qemu();
-    }
-
-    loop {}
+    panic!("Execution continued after stack overflow");
 }
 
-/// This function is called on panic.
-#[cfg(not(test))]
-#[panic_handler]
-fn panic(info: &PanicInfo) -> ! {
-    serial_println!("failed");
-    serial_println!("{}", info);
-
-    unsafe {
-        exit_qemu();
-    }
-
-    loop {}
+#[allow(unconditional_recursion)]
+fn stack_overflow() {
+    stack_overflow(); // for each recursion, the return address is pushed
 }
 
-use x86_64::structures::idt::{InterruptDescriptorTable, InterruptStackFrame};
-
 lazy_static! {
     static ref TEST_IDT: InterruptDescriptorTable = {
         let mut idt = InterruptDescriptorTable::new();
         unsafe {
             idt.double_fault
-                .set_handler_fn(double_fault_handler)
+                .set_handler_fn(test_double_fault_handler)
                 .set_stack_index(blog_os::gdt::DOUBLE_FAULT_IST_INDEX);
         }
 
@@ -64,14 +42,16 @@ pub fn init_test_idt() {
     TEST_IDT.load();
 }
 
-extern "x86-interrupt" fn double_fault_handler(
+extern "x86-interrupt" fn test_double_fault_handler(
     _stack_frame: &mut InterruptStackFrame,
     _error_code: u64,
-) {
-    serial_println!("ok");
-
-    unsafe {
-        exit_qemu();
-    }
+) -> ! {
+    serial_println!("[ok]");
+    exit_qemu(QemuExitCode::Success);
     loop {}
 }
+
+#[panic_handler]
+fn panic(info: &PanicInfo) -> ! {
+    blog_os::test_panic_handler(info)
+}